In this project, we’ll generate our own Simpsons TV scripts using RNNs. We’ll be using part of the Simpsons dataset of scripts from 27 seasons. The Neural Network we’ll build will generate a new TV script for a scene at Moe’s Tavern.
Get the Data
we’ll be using a subset of the original dataset. It consists of only the scenes in Moe’s Tavern. This doesn’t include other versions of the tavern, like “Moe’s Cavern”, “Flaming Moe’s”, “Uncle Moe’s Family Feed-Bag”, etc..
import helper
data_dir = './data/simpsons/moes_tavern_lines.txt'
text = helper.load_data(data_dir)
# Ignore notice, since we don't use it for analysing the data
text = text[81:]
Explore the Data
Play around with view_sentence_range
to view different parts of the data.
view_sentence_range = (0, 10)
import numpy as np
print('Dataset Stats')
print('Roughly the number of unique words: {}'.format(len({word: None for word in text.split()})))
scenes = text.split('\n\n')
print('Number of scenes: {}'.format(len(scenes)))
sentence_count_scene = [scene.count('\n') for scene in scenes]
print('Average number of sentences in each scene: {}'.format(np.average(sentence_count_scene)))
sentences = [sentence for scene in scenes for sentence in scene.split('\n')]
print('Number of lines: {}'.format(len(sentences)))
word_count_sentence = [len(sentence.split()) for sentence in sentences]
print('Average number of words in each line: {}'.format(np.average(word_count_sentence)))
print()
print('The sentences {} to {}:'.format(*view_sentence_range))
print('\n'.join(text.split('\n')[view_sentence_range[0]:view_sentence_range[1]]))
Dataset Stats
Roughly the number of unique words: 11492
Number of scenes: 262
Average number of sentences in each scene: 15.248091603053435
Number of lines: 4257
Average number of words in each line: 11.50434578341555
The sentences 0 to 10:
Moe_Szyslak: (INTO PHONE) Moe's Tavern. Where the elite meet to drink.
Bart_Simpson: Eh, yeah, hello, is Mike there? Last name, Rotch.
Moe_Szyslak: (INTO PHONE) Hold on, I'll check. (TO BARFLIES) Mike Rotch. Mike Rotch. Hey, has anybody seen Mike Rotch, lately?
Moe_Szyslak: (INTO PHONE) Listen you little puke. One of these days I'm gonna catch you, and I'm gonna carve my name on your back with an ice pick.
Moe_Szyslak: What's the matter Homer? You're not your normal effervescent self.
Homer_Simpson: I got my problems, Moe. Give me another one.
Moe_Szyslak: Homer, hey, you should not drink to forget your problems.
Barney_Gumble: Yeah, you should only drink to enhance your social skills.
Implement Preprocessing Functions
The first thing to do to any dataset is preprocessing. Implement the following preprocessing functions below: - Lookup Table - Tokenize Punctuation
Lookup Table
To create a word embedding, we first need to transform the words to ids. In this function, create two dictionaries:
- Dictionary to go from the words to an id, we’ll call vocab_to_int
- Dictionary to go from the id to word, we’ll call int_to_vocab
Return these dictionaries in the following tuple (vocab_to_int, int_to_vocab)
import numpy as np
import problem_unittests as tests
def create_lookup_tables(text):
"""
Create lookup tables for vocabulary
:param text: The text of tv scripts split into words
:return: A tuple of dicts (vocab_to_int, int_to_vocab)
"""
chars = sorted(list(set(text)))
vocab_to_int = dict((c, i) for i, c in enumerate(chars))
int_to_vocab = dict((i, c) for i, c in enumerate(chars))
return vocab_to_int, int_to_vocab
Tokenize Punctuation
We’ll be splitting the script into a word array using spaces as delimiters. However, punctuations like periods and exclamation marks make it hard for the neural network to distinguish between the word “bye” and “bye!”.
Implement the function token_lookup
to return a dict that will be used to tokenize symbols like “!” into “||Exclamation_Mark||“. Create a dictionary for the following symbols where the symbol is the key and value is the token:
- Period ( . )
- Comma ( , )
- Quotation Mark ( “ )
- Semicolon ( ; )
- Exclamation mark ( ! )
- Question mark ( ? )
- Left Parentheses ( ( )
- Right Parentheses ( ) )
- Dash ( – )
- Return ( \n )
This dictionary will be used to token the symbols and add the delimiter (space) around it. This separates the symbols as it’s own word, making it easier for the neural network to predict on the next word. Make sure we don’t use a token that could be confused as a word. Instead of using the token “dash”, try using something like “||dash||”.
def token_lookup():
"""
Generate a dict to turn punctuation into a token.
:return: Tokenize dictionary where the key is the punctuation and the value is the token
"""
values = ['||Period||','||Comma||','||Quotation_Mark||','||Semicolon||','||Exclamation_mark||','||Question_mark||','||Left_Parentheses||','||Right_Parentheses||','||Dash||','||Return||']
keys = ['.', ',', '"', ';', '!', '?', '(', ')', '--','\n']
return (dict(zip(keys,values)))
Preprocess all the data and save it
Running the code cell below will preprocess all the data and save it to file.
# Preprocess Training, Validation, and Testing Data
helper.preprocess_and_save_data(data_dir, token_lookup, create_lookup_tables)
Check Point
This is our first checkpoint. If we ever decide to come back to this or have to restart, we can start from here. The preprocessed data has been saved to disk.
import helper
import numpy as np
import problem_unittests as tests
int_text, vocab_to_int, int_to_vocab, token_dict = helper.load_preprocess()
Build the Neural Network
We’ll build the components necessary to build a RNN by implementing the following functions below: - get_inputs - get_init_cell - get_embed - build_rnn - build_nn - get_batches
Check the Version of TensorFlow and Access to GPU
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
import warnings
import tensorflow as tf
# Check TensorFlow Version
assert LooseVersion(tf.__version__) >= LooseVersion('1.0'), 'Please use TensorFlow version 1.0 or newer'
print('TensorFlow Version: {}'.format(tf.__version__))
# Check for a GPU
if not tf.test.gpu_device_name():
warnings.warn('No GPU found. Please use a GPU to train your neural network.')
else:
print('Default GPU Device: {}'.format(tf.test.gpu_device_name()))
TensorFlow Version: 1.0.0
Default GPU Device: /gpu:0
Input
Implement the get_inputs()
function to create TF Placeholders for the Neural Network. It should create the following placeholders:
- Input text placeholder named “input” using the TF Placeholder name
parameter.
- Targets placeholder
- Learning Rate placeholder
Return the placeholders in the following tuple (Input, Targets, LearningRate)
def get_inputs():
"""
Create TF Placeholders for input, targets, and learning rate.
:return: Tuple (input, targets, learning rate)
"""
input = tf.placeholder(tf.int32,[None, None], name='input')
targets = tf.placeholder(tf.int32,[None, None], name='targets')
learning_rate = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,name='learning_rate')
return input, targets, learning_rate
Build RNN Cell and Initialize
Stack one or more BasicLSTMCells
in a MultiRNNCell
.
- The Rnn size should be set using rnn_size
- Initalize Cell State using the MultiRNNCell’s zero_state()
function
- Apply the name “initial_state” to the initial state using tf.identity()
Return the cell and initial state in the following tuple (Cell, InitialState)
def get_init_cell(batch_size, rnn_size):
"""
Create an RNN Cell and initialize it.
:param batch_size: Size of batches
:param rnn_size: Size of RNNs
:return: Tuple (cell, initialize state)
"""
lstm = tf.contrib.rnn.BasicLSTMCell(rnn_size)
cell = tf.contrib.rnn.MultiRNNCell([lstm])
initial_state = cell.zero_state(batch_size, tf.float32)
initial_state = tf.identity(initial_state, name='initial_state')
return cell, initial_state
Word Embedding
Apply embedding to input_data
using TensorFlow. Return the embedded sequence.
def get_embed(input_data, vocab_size, embed_dim):
"""
Create embedding for <input_data>.
:param input_data: TF placeholder for text input.
:param vocab_size: Number of words in vocabulary.
:param embed_dim: Number of embedding dimensions
:return: Embedded input.
"""
embeddings = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocab_size, embed_dim], -1.0, 1.0))
embedded_input = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(embeddings, input_data)
return embedded_input
Build RNN
We created a RNN Cell in the get_init_cell()
function. Time to use the cell to create a RNN.
- Build the RNN using the tf.nn.dynamic_rnn()
- Apply the name “final_state” to the final state using tf.identity()
Return the outputs and final_state state in the following tuple (Outputs, FinalState)
def build_rnn(cell, inputs):
"""
Create a RNN using a RNN Cell
:param cell: RNN Cell
:param inputs: Input text data
:return: Tuple (Outputs, Final State)
"""
outputs, final_state = tf.nn.dynamic_rnn(cell, inputs, dtype = tf.float32)
final_state = tf.identity(final_state, name="final_state")
return outputs, final_state
Build the Neural Network
Apply the functions we implemented above to:
- Apply embedding to input_data
using our get_embed(input_data, vocab_size, embed_dim)
function.
- Build RNN using cell
and our build_rnn(cell, inputs)
function.
- Apply a fully connected layer with a linear activation and vocab_size
as the number of outputs.
Return the logits and final state in the following tuple (Logits, FinalState)
def build_nn(cell, rnn_size, input_data, vocab_size, embed_dim):
"""
Build part of the neural network
:param cell: RNN cell
:param rnn_size: Size of rnns
:param input_data: Input data
:param vocab_size: Vocabulary size
:param embed_dim: Number of embedding dimensions
:return: Tuple (Logits, FinalState)
"""
input_data = get_embed(input_data,vocab_size,rnn_size)
outputs,final_state = build_rnn(cell,input_data)
logits = tf.contrib.layers.fully_connected(outputs,vocab_size,activation_fn = None)
return logits, final_state
Batches
Implement get_batches
to create batches of input and targets using int_text
. The batches should be a Numpy array with the shape (number of batches, 2, batch size, sequence length)
. Each batch contains two elements:
- The first element is a single batch of input with the shape [batch size, sequence length]
- The second element is a single batch of targets with the shape [batch size, sequence length]
If we can’t fill the last batch with enough data, drop the last batch.
For exmple, get_batches([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 3, 2)
would return a Numpy array of the following:
[
# First Batch
[
# Batch of Input
[[ 1 2], [ 7 8], [13 14]]
# Batch of targets
[[ 2 3], [ 8 9], [14 15]]
]
# Second Batch
[
# Batch of Input
[[ 3 4], [ 9 10], [15 16]]
# Batch of targets
[[ 4 5], [10 11], [16 17]]
]
# Third Batch
[
# Batch of Input
[[ 5 6], [11 12], [17 18]]
# Batch of targets
[[ 6 7], [12 13], [18 1]]
]
]
Notice that the last target value in the last batch is the first input value of the first batch. In this case, 1
. This is a common technique used when creating sequence batches, although it is rather unintuitive.
def get_batches(int_text, batch_size, seq_length):
"""
Return batches of input and target
:param int_text: Text with the words replaced by their ids
:param batch_size: The size of batch
:param seq_length: The length of sequence
:return: Batches as a Numpy array
"""
n_batches = int(len(int_text) / (batch_size * seq_length))
input_data = np.array(int_text[: n_batches * batch_size * seq_length])
target_data = np.array(int_text[1: n_batches * batch_size * seq_length + 1])
target_data[-1] = input_data[0]
input_batches = np.split(input_data.reshape(batch_size, -1), n_batches, 1)
target_batches = np.split(target_data.reshape(batch_size, -1), n_batches, 1)
return np.array(list(zip(input_batches, target_batches)))
Neural Network Training
Hyperparameters
Tune the following parameters:
- Set
num_epochs
to the number of epochs. - Set
batch_size
to the batch size. - Set
rnn_size
to the size of the RNNs. - Set
embed_dim
to the size of the embedding. - Set
seq_length
to the length of sequence. - Set
learning_rate
to the learning rate. - Set
show_every_n_batches
to the number of batches the neural network should print progress.
# Number of Epochs
num_epochs = 100
# Batch Size
batch_size = 128
# RNN Size
rnn_size = 256
# Embedding Dimension Size
embed_dim = 300
# Sequence Length
seq_length = 16
# Learning Rate
learning_rate = 0.01
# Show stats for every n number of batches
show_every_n_batches = 33
save_dir = './save'
Build the Graph
Build the graph using the neural network we implemented.
from tensorflow.contrib import seq2seq
train_graph = tf.Graph()
with train_graph.as_default():
vocab_size = len(int_to_vocab)
input_text, targets, lr = get_inputs()
input_data_shape = tf.shape(input_text)
cell, initial_state = get_init_cell(input_data_shape[0], rnn_size)
logits, final_state = build_nn(cell, rnn_size, input_text, vocab_size, embed_dim)
# Probabilities for generating words
probs = tf.nn.softmax(logits, name='probs')
# Loss function
cost = seq2seq.sequence_loss(
logits,
targets,
tf.ones([input_data_shape[0], input_data_shape[1]]))
# Optimizer
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(lr)
# Gradient Clipping
gradients = optimizer.compute_gradients(cost)
capped_gradients = [(tf.clip_by_value(grad, -1., 1.), var) for grad, var in gradients if grad is not None]
train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(capped_gradients)
Train
Train the neural network on the preprocessed data. If you have a hard time getting a good loss, check the forms to see if anyone is having the same problem.
batches = get_batches(int_text, batch_size, seq_length)
with tf.Session(graph=train_graph) as sess:
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
for epoch_i in range(num_epochs):
state = sess.run(initial_state, {input_text: batches[0][0]})
for batch_i, (x, y) in enumerate(batches):
feed = {
input_text: x,
targets: y,
initial_state: state,
lr: learning_rate}
train_loss, state, _ = sess.run([cost, final_state, train_op], feed)
# Show every <show_every_n_batches> batches
if (epoch_i * len(batches) + batch_i) % show_every_n_batches == 0:
print('Epoch {:>3} Batch {:>4}/{} train_loss = {:.3f}'.format(
epoch_i,
batch_i,
len(batches),
train_loss))
# Save Model
saver = tf.train.Saver()
saver.save(sess, save_dir)
print('Model Trained and Saved')
Epoch 0 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 8.821
Epoch 1 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 5.051
Epoch 2 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 4.414
Epoch 3 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 4.063
Epoch 4 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 3.731
Epoch 5 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 3.471
Epoch 6 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 3.155
Epoch 7 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.910
Epoch 8 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.686
Epoch 9 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.484
Epoch 10 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.289
Epoch 11 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.135
Epoch 12 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 2.004
Epoch 13 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.858
Epoch 14 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.738
Epoch 15 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.629
Epoch 16 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.502
Epoch 17 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.397
Epoch 18 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.300
Epoch 19 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.245
Epoch 20 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.158
Epoch 21 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.085
Epoch 22 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 1.028
Epoch 23 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.967
Epoch 24 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.899
Epoch 25 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.838
Epoch 26 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.804
Epoch 27 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.771
Epoch 28 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.707
Epoch 29 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.665
Epoch 30 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.630
Epoch 31 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.587
Epoch 32 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.568
Epoch 33 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.545
Epoch 34 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.510
Epoch 35 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.479
Epoch 36 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.471
Epoch 37 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.446
Epoch 38 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.425
Epoch 39 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.412
Epoch 40 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.392
Epoch 41 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.391
Epoch 42 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.373
Epoch 43 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.366
Epoch 44 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.343
Epoch 45 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.319
Epoch 46 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.313
Epoch 47 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.294
Epoch 48 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.288
Epoch 49 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.270
Epoch 50 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.262
Epoch 51 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.251
Epoch 52 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.244
Epoch 53 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.237
Epoch 54 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.234
Epoch 55 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.230
Epoch 56 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.225
Epoch 57 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.224
Epoch 58 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.223
Epoch 59 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.222
Epoch 60 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.219
Epoch 61 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.219
Epoch 62 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.217
Epoch 63 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.219
Epoch 64 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.217
Epoch 65 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.218
Epoch 66 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 67 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.215
Epoch 68 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 69 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.215
Epoch 70 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.215
Epoch 71 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.218
Epoch 72 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 73 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 74 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 75 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.215
Epoch 76 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 77 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 78 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 79 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 80 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 81 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 82 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 83 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 84 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.211
Epoch 85 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 86 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 87 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 88 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 89 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 90 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.213
Epoch 91 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 92 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.211
Epoch 93 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.214
Epoch 94 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.211
Epoch 95 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 96 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.211
Epoch 97 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Epoch 98 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.211
Epoch 99 Batch 0/33 train_loss = 0.212
Model Trained and Saved
Save Parameters
Save seq_length
and save_dir
for generating a new TV script.
# Save parameters for checkpoint
helper.save_params((seq_length, save_dir))
Checkpoint
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import helper
import problem_unittests as tests
_, vocab_to_int, int_to_vocab, token_dict = helper.load_preprocess()
seq_length, load_dir = helper.load_params()
Implement Generate Functions
Get Tensors
Get tensors from loaded_graph
using the function get_tensor_by_name()
. Get the tensors using the following names:
- “input:0”
- “initial_state:0”
- “final_state:0”
- “probs:0”
Return the tensors in the following tuple (InputTensor, InitialStateTensor, FinalStateTensor, ProbsTensor)
def get_tensors(loaded_graph):
"""
Get input, initial state, final state, and probabilities tensor from <loaded_graph>
:param loaded_graph: TensorFlow graph loaded from file
:return: Tuple (InputTensor, InitialStateTensor, FinalStateTensor, ProbsTensor)
"""
inputs = loaded_graph.get_tensor_by_name("input:0")
initial_state = loaded_graph.get_tensor_by_name("initial_state:0")
final_state = loaded_graph.get_tensor_by_name("final_state:0")
probs = loaded_graph.get_tensor_by_name("probs:0")
return inputs, initial_state, final_state, probs
Choose Word
Implement the pick_word()
function to select the next word using probabilities
.
def pick_word(probabilities, int_to_vocab):
"""
Pick the next word in the generated text
:param probabilities: Probabilites of the next word
:param int_to_vocab: Dictionary of word ids as the keys and words as the values
:return: String of the predicted word
"""
return np.random.choice(list(int_to_vocab.values()), 1, p=probabilities)[0]
Generate TV Script
This will generate the TV script for us. Set gen_length
to the length of TV script we want to generate.
gen_length = 200
# homer_simpson, moe_szyslak, or Barney_Gumble
prime_word = 'moe_szyslak'
loaded_graph = tf.Graph()
with tf.Session(graph=loaded_graph) as sess:
# Load saved model
loader = tf.train.import_meta_graph(load_dir + '.meta')
loader.restore(sess, load_dir)
# Get Tensors from loaded model
input_text, initial_state, final_state, probs = get_tensors(loaded_graph)
# Sentences generation setup
gen_sentences = [prime_word + ':']
prev_state = sess.run(initial_state, {input_text: np.array([[1]])})
# Generate sentences
for n in range(gen_length):
# Dynamic Input
dyn_input = [[vocab_to_int[word] for word in gen_sentences[-seq_length:]]]
dyn_seq_length = len(dyn_input[0])
# Get Prediction
probabilities, prev_state = sess.run(
[probs, final_state],
{input_text: dyn_input, initial_state: prev_state})
pred_word = pick_word(probabilities[dyn_seq_length-1], int_to_vocab)
gen_sentences.append(pred_word)
# Remove tokens
tv_script = ' '.join(gen_sentences)
for key, token in token_dict.items():
ending = ' ' if key in ['\n', '(', '"'] else ''
tv_script = tv_script.replace(' ' + token.lower(), key)
tv_script = tv_script.replace('\n ', '\n')
tv_script = tv_script.replace('( ', '(')
print(tv_script)
moe_szyslak: before you do, i just gotta warn you, marge.(sings) my adeleine....
crowd:(chanting) barney gumbel" back brace has no turning the eyes.(chuckles) really need cash, homer. nobody loves you...
c. _montgomery_burns: that was no accident. let's get out of here.
moe_szyslak:(counting radishes) now where you wanna know, we make this the life?
homer_simpson: oh, thank god, the gimmick of.(to barflies) shut up, moe.
moe_szyslak: come on, you greedy old reptile!
c. _montgomery_burns:(shaken) why not my friends! homer didn't buy!
seymour_skinner:(holding two-thirds-empty beer) two of us have drink a new lease on" alcohol half it.
homer_simpson: i'm gonna treat marge to a romantic dinner.
moe_szyslak: ooh, taking advantage, here.(warmly) one" flaming homer" the sign, barney and easygoing.
lenny_leonard: i was just why not in here no more, homer
The TV Script is Nonsensical
It’s ok if the TV script doesn’t make any sense. We trained on less than a megabyte of text. In order to get good results, you’ll have to use a smaller vocabulary or get more data. Luckly there’s more data! As we mentioned in the begging of this project, this is a subset of another dataset. We didn’t train on all the data, because that would take too long. However, you are free to train your neural network on all the data.